Occasionally, it seems like the universe is nudging me to write about a certain subject, and apparently the racehorse Noor is clamoring to have his story told. The first little push I got came with the passing of the Aga Khan (IV) a few weeks ago whose horses I have followed for many years. I was sitting on my bed reading the news, musing on what a sad loss it was for the racing world, and wondering if any of his family would take over his world-famous breeding and racing operations when my eyes happened to land on the little Grand Wood Carving model of (what I thought was) Noor on my shelf. Noor was bred by the late Aga Khan's grandfather (III) who held the same hereditary title and was the founder of one of the greatest breeding dynasties in horse racing.
The subject of Noor then came up again tangentially in another project I recently finished, and I was reminded of the fact that Noor was the first of only two horses to ever defeat two Triple Crown winners.* His story is quite an interesting one, but the universe does like its little jokes, and so I wrote this whole long post about Noor thinking I had a model of him. I don't. I have a model of Needles, the first Florida-bred horse to win the Kentucky Derby.
In my defense, the names both start with N and Noor was black while Needles was bay. I have no idea why Grand Wood Carving made their Needles models black instead of brown. (They also played fast and loose with white markings on all of their horse models.) Anyway, I spent a lot of time writing this, so by golly, I'm going to share it. Noor was an incredible talent who never really got the accolades he deserved, and perhaps this post will someday inspire an OF run in his likeness. (Don't mind me innocently looking in the direction of New Jersey, Indiana, and Tennessee.)
![]() |
Plot twist! This is not Noor... |
So, back to the Aga Khan III. Ever since I can remember, I have been obsessed with two of the greatest horses of the British turf, The Tetrarch and his fleet grey daughter Mumtaz Mahal. Neither were bred by the Aga Khan, but when he began to seriously acquire horses in the 1920s, his purchase of Mumtaz Mahal at auction ended up being one of those flukes of history that changes everything.
Mumtaz Mahal was a sensational racehorse, so much so that she is still considered one of the fastest horses of all time. She also proved to be a hugely influential broodmare---while her offspring were middling for the most part as racehorses, as producers, they were quite literally superstars. Mumty's daughters produced, among others, the Epsom Derby winner and top sire Mahmoud, Arc winner Migoli, champion sprinter Abernant, and most important of all, the super-sire Nasrullah. (Mumty's tail-female line also gave us Petite Etoile, Royal Charger, Shergar, Octagonal, and Zarkava, to name just a few, but that's a story for another day.)
This tale begins with Nasrullah, a son of Nearco out of Mumtaz Begum (Blenheim x Mumtaz Mahal), who was bred in Ireland by the Aga Khan and foaled in 1940. His racing career was somewhat chaotic coming as it did in the midst of World War II and because Nasrullah himself was a temperamental horse who had a tendency to loaf when he made the lead in a race. Nonetheless, when he felt like running, he proved to be sensational enough to be considered the top two year-old in England in 1942, and he won the prestigious Champion Stakes and finished a good third in the Epsom Derby as a three year-old the following year.
While Nasrullah was assuredly a talented runner, his true greatness came in the breeding shed. He found immediate success in his first six seasons at stud in Ireland and England, getting winners of the Epsom Derby, the 1000 and 2000 Guineas, the St. Leger, the Irish Derby, the Champion Stakes, and more. Just as his stud career was really taking off, Nasrullah was purchased by Claiborne Farm in 1950. He was imported to the USA where he became one of the most influential stallions of the 20th century---not just a great sire, but a sire of sires. His sons include the likes of Bold Ruler (sire of Secretariat), Never Bend (sire of Mill Reef), Red God (sire of Blushing Groom), and the great champion Nashua to name but a few.
Following the example of Bull Hancock at Claiborne Farm who, in addition to Nasrullah, had imported European-bred stallions like Sir Gallahad (sire of Gallant Fox), Blenheim (sire of Mahmoud through whose daughters descend Northern Dancer and Sunday Silence), and Princequillo (whose daughters made an ideal nick with Nasrullah), a number of other American owners were on the look-out for the next great stallion prospect from Europe. One of these was Charles Howard who had raced Seabiscuit to much acclaim during the Great Depression. Howard's champion had died in 1947, and he hoped to find a new potential champion to race for a year or two before setting him up as a stallion. He was also in failing health due to a degenerative heart condition and was looking for a last taste of greatness.
In 1948, he purchased two sons of Nasrullah from the Aga Khan, Nathoo and Noor. Nathoo had won the Irish Derby and Noor's best performance had been a solid third place finish in the Epsom Derby. Nathoo ultimately never took to dirt racing and was a flop at stud for Howard. Noor on the other hand was destined for greatness.
![]() |
Noor in 1950 |
The word "noor" means "light" in Arabic, a rather ironic name for a
coal black horse. His dam, Queen of Baghdad, had already produced a
stakes winner, and she was a tail-female descendant of the great filly
Sceptre who won four of the five English classics, a feat no other horse
has ever duplicated.** So it's not surprising that a horse with a
pedigree like Noor's turned out to be something out of the ordinary.
Travel
from England was hard on Noor, and he arrived in California too thin
and suffering from osselets. Howard and his trainer Burley Parke decided
to let the colt rest and recuperate for nearly a year before slowly
bringing him back to racing form. Their patience paid off, and Noor
began to exhibit some talent when he took to the dirt for the first time at Bay Meadows in
October of 1949. Noor was a closer, so he started off with a late rushing win by a nose followed by several hard charging close second and third place finishes. He showed enough promise that he was moved into stakes company where he continued to run well, so much so that Howard and Parke decided to run him in the San Antonio Handicap at Santa Anita in February 1950.
Noor faced Citation, the 1948 Triple Crown winner, for the first time in the San Antonio. Like Noor, Citation had spent most of 1949 recovering from osselets, but rather than being sent to stud, his owner, Warren Wright, Sr., of Calumet Farm, had sent him back to the track in hopes of making him the first horse to win one million dollars. Also in the field was Calumet's 1949 Kentucky Derby winner Ponder whom Noor has bested in their mutual previous start though Noor had carried 13 pounds less than Ponder (and both horses were beaten by a longshot called Solidarity). In the San Antonio, Ponder turned the tables, winning by a length over his stablemate Citation with Noor closing fast to finish third by half a length. It would be the only time Citation finished ahead of him.
Noor's connections were so pleased with his performance that they entered him in "the Hundred Grander," the Santa Anita Handicap that Seabiscuit had so famously won for Howard in 1940. Calumet Farm sent out Citation, Ponder, and their champion filly Two Lea. Also in the field were But Why Not, another champion filly, Solidarity, and Miche, the horse that broken Citation's famous 16 race winning streak. The two fillies set the pace for much of the race, and as the field swept into the homestretch, Citation and Ponder both began their closing runs. Noor (carrying 22 pounds less than Citation) found another gear and swept past all three Calumet horses, wining by a length and a quarter over Citation and breaking the old track record for a mile and quarter set by Seabiscuit 10 years earlier. It was the last race Howard would attend in person.
Noor and Citation faced off again a little over a week later in the mile and three quarter San Juan Capistrano. Noor once again received a weight break of 13 pounds from Citation. Noor closed from well-back as usual, and he and Citation dueled all the way down the stretch with Noor finally prevailing by a nose at the wire. He set a new American record for the distance, and technically Citation broke the old record as well.
After 10 tough races, Noor was given a break for several months during which Charles Howard passed away after suffering a heart attack. He left his racing stable to his beloved wife Marcella and his sons. They dispersed most of the horses but kept Noor to finish out the year as a tribute to Howard.
Noor and Citation met once again in Noor's first start back in June 1950, the mile and an eighth Forty Niner Handicap, and this time, Noor carried only five pounds less than Citation. Noor stalked the pace from behind while Citation was more forwardly placed. At the top of them stretch, Citation took command from the leaders and looked home free. But Noor kicked in the afterburners and closed quickly, collaring his rival and battling him stride for stride to the wire. Noor prevailed by a neck and broke the world record for the distance in the process. Once again, Citation also broke the record in defeat.
The two champions faced off for the last time a week later in the Golden Gate Handicap where Noor was finally given a higher impost than Citation---he carried 127 pounds to Citation's 126. Noor's naysayers claimed that only uneven weights had allowed him to best Citation, but Noor put that story to rest when he walloped Citation by three lengths in the mile and a quarter race in which he once again set a world record.
In his next start, the American Handicap, Noor won carrying 32 pounds more than the second place finisher. He was then shipped east to Belmont Park against his trainer's better judgement, but Marcella and the Howard boys wanted to try him against the best east coast runners. As ever, Noor was a poor shipper and didn't handle the travel well. He ran second in all three starts at Belmont which included the prestigious Manhattan Handicap and the Jockey Club Gold Cup, the traditional year-ending championship race in the years before the Breeders Cup. In the latter, he was defeated by Hill Prince, that year's Preakness winner who was ultimately named three year-old champion and Horse of the Year.
Upon returning to California, Noor was rested for almost two months before being entered in an allowance race as a freshener. He won by an easy seven lengths, defeating the good stakes winner Palestinian and the 1946 Triple Crown winner Assault. Noor closed out the year and his career with a scintillating win over Palestinian and Hill Prince in the Hollywood Gold Cup. Had the Horse of the Year award been determined at the end of the year instead of after the Jockey Club Gold Cup in October, Noor might have earned that title after getting his revenge on Hill Prince. He was at least awarded the title of champion handicap male horse (now the champion older male Eclipse).
Many great horses who ran in California in the 1940s and
1950s like Seabiscuit, Swaps, Citation, Terrang, Kelso, and Silky
Sullivan were immortalized by the Hagen-Renaker company and later
produced by Breyer. Despite his record-breaking season in 1950, Noor was
seemingly overlooked.
At this point, I had planned to tell a bit of the history of the Grand Wood Carving company and the racehorses they produced, but that's a moot point as far as this post is concerned, so I'll tackle it another day.
In 1951, Citation did finally top one million dollars in earnings, making him the first horse to do so. Noor by that time had been retired to stud at Howard's Ridgewood Ranch, and once that property was sold, he
moved to several other California farms. He was largely a failure at
stud, but he did produce the stakes placed filly Noor's Image who is
best known as the dam of Dancer's Image, the first horse to be disqualified from a Kentucky Derby win.
Noor spent the last 10 years of his life at Loma Rica Ranch in Grass Valley, CA. He died at the ripe old age of 29 in late 1974 and was interred in the infield of the little training track on the ranch. Loma Rica eventually became an organic farm, and finally in 2010, it was slated to become a housing development, the sad fate of so many old horse farms. Intrepid racing fans stepped in and located Noor's remains, and they were eventually conveyed to Old Friends near Lexington, KY, where he was reburied beside fellow legends like Springsteel and Skip Away.
One could argue that Assault and Citation were past their prime when they faced Noor, and in the case of the former, that is likely true. Assault was retired to stud after his four year-old season, but proved to be infertile and was returned to training. He never quite regained his top form, and he faced Noor in his final season as a seven year-old. Citation on the other hand was only narrowly beaten by pushing Noor to set multiple speed records. Citation was still a world beater even in defeat, and it only goes to show just how talented Noor really was.
Not Noor and his not-rival Citation hang out in model form on my shelf. I'm bummed that my model is not Noor after all, but he resembles that great horse more than Needles, so I'm just going to pretend he's Noor for a while. I hope you enjoyed this post even though it doesn't really have any model tie-ins. Maybe someday, it will.
_________________________________________________________________________
* Noor defeated Assault and Citation, the 1946 and 1948 Triple Crown winners respectively. The only other horse to accomplish that feat was Exceller who beat Seattle Slew (1977 TC winner) and Affirmed (1978) in the 1978 Jockey Club Gold Cup.
** In 1902, Sceptre won the 1000 Guineas, the 2000 Guineas, the Epsom Oaks, the St. Leger, and ran a good fourth in the Epsom Derby despite a foot bruise. This would be akin to a filly in the USA winning the Triple Tiara, the Preakness, the Belmont, and running fourth in the Kentucky Derby. Granted, the St. Leger is run in the fall, so it's not an exact comparison, but it's an absolutely insane achievement.